#Principal definition law code#

Principals Are Liable for the Outcome of Agent's Actions 5. Legal Authority to Act on Principal's Behalf 4.

#Principal definition law code#

: -The Uniform Alcoholism and Intoxication Treatment Act of 1971 -The Uniform Adoption Act of 1994 -The Uniform Commercial Code of 2001 2 -American jurisprudence - an encyclopaedia of US law, publish by West (publisher) 3 -Corpus Iuris Secundum: Complete Restatement of The Entire American Law As Developed by All Reported Cases (1936 -вЂ¦) - an encyclopaedia of US law which contains an alphabetical arrangement of legal topics of each area of US law developed by US federal and state cases 4 -Restatements of the Law - a set of treaties on legal subjects which inform judges and lawyers about general principles of common law (so far 3 Restatements- all published by the American Law Institute- an organisation of legal academics and practitioners, founded in 1923) 5 -Casebooks - text books containing excerpts from legal cases in which the law of a particular area was applied 6 -Law reviews - scholarly journals on legal issues, normally published by an organisation of students at a law school or through a bar association.1. SOURCES OF LAW IN COMMON LAW SYSTEMS SECONDARY SOURCES OF THE US LAW: 1 -Uniform Acts, e. Dziennik Ustaw RP) or the Official Journal of Laws of the European Union. The promulgation = announcement of the legal acts in the Journal of laws of the Republic of Poland (e.The principles of promulgation of other international agreements must be specified by statues. International agreements ratified with prior consent granted by statue must be promulgated in accordance with the procedures required for statutes.Article 88 of the Polish Constitution: All legal acts = statutes, regulations and acts of local law come into force under the condition of their promulgation (announcement) in the Official Journal of Laws - the principles and procedures for promulgation must be specified by statute.legal acts of lower rank have to be consistent with legal acts of higher rank and always with the Constitution The breach of the hierarchical constitutional order of the sources of law = a breach of the Constitution result: invalidation of the unconstitutional lower rank act by the Constitutional Tribunal + with regards to norms of sub-statutory law - non application by courts.The hierarchical order of the sources of law: 4 - material and formal unwritten, uncodified, dispersed in various acts while the other one is codified, written, enacted in a special procedure values described in the Preamble of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland) 3 - pragmatic and programmatic pragmatic constitution makes a precise outline of the structure of state mechanisms and their competences while programmatic constitution only sets a general outline of the structure of state mechanisms.

statutes, customary rules, precedents) 2 - normative or symbolic (ideological) a normative constitution is a really enforced, effective constitution that ultimately controls or governs the political processes within a particular state and the democratic or republican principles it claims to uphold clearly corresponds to the real political practice while a symbolic (ideological) constitution conveys certain ideology and shows that the state will defend certain creed, values (e. Types of constitutions 1 - rigid and flexible Rigid constitutions are passed and amended under a special procedure while flexible constitutions consist of many norms contained in the instruments of various natures (e. a consumer may relinquish without having to give reasons to the contractor in practice parties may prolong such period but they may not shorten it or exclude it Semi-imperative norms - legal norms which establish certain scope of conduct while giving freedom to the addressees (parties of a legal relation) but only to a certain extent, e.

parties to a contract may agree to prolong prescribed date of payment with no sanction following 3. Relatively binding norms (ius dispositivum) вЂ“ if not stated otherwise an addressee may but does not have to behave in the way specified in a legal norm an addressee has a choice of a different behaviour than the one specified in a legal norm, e. prohibition on the use of force or prohibition of torture in international law 2. If he/she does not behave in accordance with such legal norm, must bear the consequences indicated in it, e. Absolutely imperative norms (ius cogens)= peremptory, compelling norms an addressee of a legal norm should / must behave in a way precisely specified in a legal norm and has no freedom in the choice of his/her behaviour. Depending of the scope of the addresseeвЂ™s freedom to behave in a way specified by a legal norm there are: 1.